In 1869, Russian was declared to be the official language in all provinces of the Russian
Empire. Polish language terminology that was used prior to that date was replaced by
Russian. Record-keeping reverted back to the Polish language after Poland once again
became an independent country after World War I.
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Polish provinces of the Russian Empire (before 1869)
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Wojewodztwo
or
Departament
= province
Powiat
= district
Gmina
= smaller district including several villages
Wies
= village
Kolonia
= colony (a small settlement outside the main village)
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Russian Empire
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Gubernia
= province
Uezd
= district
Volost
= smaller district including several villages
Gorod
= town/city
Selo/Derevnaya
= village
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Lithuania Today
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Apskritis
= province
Rajon/Rajonas
= district
Miestas
= city
Miestelis
= town
Kaimas
= village
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Poland Today
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Wojewodztwo
= province
Powiat
= district
Gmina
= smaller district including several villages
Miasto
= city/town
Wies
= village
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| Belarus Today |
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Oblast = province
Raion = district
Gorod = city/town
Selo/derevnaya = village
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Ukraine Today
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Oblast
= province
Region
= district
Misto
= city/town
Selo
= village
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Moldova Today
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Raion
= district
Gorod
= city/town
Selo
= village
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